Lagos Island, popularly known as Eko among locals, is the historic and cultural nucleus of Lagos State. As the original settlement that grew into Nigeria’s largest metropolis, it remains a vibrant blend of tradition, commerce, and colonial heritage. Unlike the modern skyscrapers of Victoria Island or the planned suburbs of Lekki, Lagos Island thrives with chaotic markets, centuries-old landmarks, and an unfiltered urban energy that defines “real Lagos.”
History of Lagos Island
Early Settlement & Colonial Era
Lagos Island’s history dates back to the 15th century, when it was a Yoruba fishing village ruled by the Oba of Lagos. The name “Eko” is believed to have originated from the Benin Kingdom’s influence.
- Portuguese & British Influence: European traders arrived in the 16th century, leading to its development as a key slave trade port.
- Colonial Takeover: In 1861, Lagos was annexed by the British, becoming Nigeria’s first colonial capital.
- Post-Independence: After Nigeria’s independence in 1960, Lagos remained the capital until 1991 when it moved to Abuja.
Cultural Evolution
Lagos Island became a melting pot of:
✔ Yoruba traditions (indigenous rulers, festivals)
✔ Brazilian returnee influence (Afro-Brazilian architecture)
✔ British colonial legacy (government buildings, railways)
Key Districts of Lagos Island
1. Marina – The Historic Waterfront
- What’s Here? Colonial-era buildings, banks, and government offices.
- Landmarks:
- Tafawa Balewa Square (TBS) – Former racecourse, now a major event venue.
- Holy Cross Cathedral – One of Nigeria’s oldest Catholic churches.
- Central Bank of Nigeria – The country’s financial nerve center.
2. Idumota & Balogun Markets – Commerce Hub
- What’s Sold? Textiles, electronics, jewelry, and imported goods.
- Atmosphere: Crowded, fast-paced, and the heartbeat of Lagos trade.
- Best For: Bargain hunters and wholesalers.
3. Obalende – The Transit Junction
- Key Features:
- Military Barracks – Home to the Nigerian Army cantonment.
- Transport Links – Connects to Ikoyi, Mainland, and Victoria Island.
- Street Food – Famous for suya (spiced grilled meat) and ewa agonyin (beans).
4. Campos Square & Broad Street – Business & History
- Architecture: Brazilian-style houses from freed slaves who returned in the 19th century.
- Key Institutions: Law firms, printing presses, and small businesses.
5. Adeniji Adele & Ebute Ero – Residential Zones
- Housing: Older apartment buildings, family homes, and mid-range living spaces.
- Accessibility: Close to the Third Mainland Bridge for easy commuting.
Cultural Significance of Lagos Island
1. Festivals & Traditions
- Eyo Festival – A unique masquerade parade honoring the Oba of Lagos.
- Fuji & Jùjú Music – Originated from Lagos Island’s streets.
2. Religious Diversity
- Mosques (Lagos Central Mosque)
- Churches (Cathedral Church of Christ)
- Traditional Shrines
3. Street Food & Local Cuisine
Must-try foods:
✔ Eko (corn pudding) with pepper soup
✔ Obalende suya
✔ Puff-puff & akara (bean cakes)
Transportation & Accessibility
Road Networks
- Major Bridges: Third Mainland Bridge, Eko Bridge, Carter Bridge.
- Traffic: Heavy congestion, especially around Idumota and Marina.
Ferry Services
- From Marina to Lekki/Ikorodu – Alternative to road transport.
Public Buses (Danfos & BRT)
- Main Routes: Obalende to Oshodi, Yaba, and Surulere.
Challenges of Lagos Island
- Overpopulation – One of the most densely populated areas in Africa.
- Flooding Risks – Poor drainage in low-lying areas.
- Aging Infrastructure – Some buildings date back to the colonial era.
- Traffic Gridlock – Difficult for daily commuters.
Who Should Visit Lagos Island?
✔ History Buffs – Colonial landmarks & museums.
✔ Market Lovers – Balogun & Idumota’s bustling trade.
✔ Cultural Explorers – Festivals, street food, and music.
Not Ideal For – Those seeking quiet, suburban living.
Lagos Island remains the soul of Lagos, offering an unfiltered experience of Nigeria’s commercial energy, history, and street culture. While it faces urban challenges, its significance in Nigeria’s story makes it a must-visit for anyone exploring Lagos.